Endocrine System Quizzes

C: The hypothalamus controls the secretion of the anterior pituitary by the use of “releasing hormones” and “inhibitory hormones”.

B: Aldosterone causes reclamation of sodium ions from the filtrate and potassium to be secreted in exchange.

D: Aldosterone promotes the absorption of sodium from the filtrate, while potassium (also a positively charged ion) is secreted to maintain electrical neutrality.

D: Endocrine glands secrete “circulating” hormones, that is, they are secreted into the blood.

A: Thyroid hormones T3 and T4 contain three and four iodine atoms, respectively.

A: PTH increases plasma Ca2+ (calcitonin aids in lowering blood calcium).

C: PTH causes increased calcium absorption and hence increases blood calcium level.

B: ADH and OT are produced in the hypothalamus and transported to the posterior pituitary.

As steroid hormones are lipid soluble, their receptors are inside the cell as they can cross the plasma membrane.

D: Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce insulin. The alpha cells produce glucagon.

C: Thyroxine (or tetraiodothyronine) is converted to triiodothyronine in_x000D_target tissues.

B: Parafollicular (or “C”) cells of the thyroid produce calcitonin which aids in lowering of blood calcium.

D: The pituitary gland releases peptide hormones which are soluble in blood. The other choices refer to steroid hormones which are insoluble in blood. They require transport via plasma proteins.

D: Hypothalamus secretes regulatory hormones that control endocrine cells in the anterior pituitary gland, produces ADH and oxytocin and contains “autonomic centres” that exert neural control over endocrine cells of the adrenal medullae.

C: The acini cells produce digestive enzymes.

C: As aldosterone is concerned with the absorption of sodium ions, a_x000d_“mineral”, and aldosterone is produced by the adrenal cortex; it is termed a mineralocorticoid.