Medoceo
Test your knowledge with this Endocrine System Quiz. Challenge yourself with engaging questions about hormones, glands, and their functions in the human body. Ideal for students and health professionals. Take the quiz now and see how much you know.
Endocrine System
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1. From where are antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin released?
B: ADH and OT are produced in the hypothalamus and transported to the posterior pituitary.
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2. What is the difference between an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland?
D: Endocrine glands secrete “circulating” hormones, that is, they are secreted into the blood.
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3. Which structure controls the endocrine system and integrates the activities of the nervous and endocrine systems?
D: Hypothalamus secretes regulatory hormones that control endocrine cells in the anterior pituitary gland, produces ADH and oxytocin and contains “autonomic centres” that exert neural control over endocrine cells of the adrenal medullae.
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4. To which group of hormones does aldosterone belong?
C: As aldosterone is concerned with the absorption of sodium ions, a_x000d_“mineral”, and aldosterone is produced by the adrenal cortex; it is termed a mineralocorticoid.
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5. What effect does aldosterone have? It causes:
D: Aldosterone promotes the absorption of sodium from the filtrate, while potassium (also a positively charged ion) is secreted to maintain electrical neutrality.
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6. By what term are hormones derived from tyrosine also known?
A: Catecholamines (adrenaline, noradrenaline), dopamine and thyroid hormone are all derived from tyrosine.
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7. Which hormone(s) increases the reabsorption of Ca++ from the filtrate in the kidney tubule?
C: PTH causes increased calcium absorption and hence increases blood calcium level.
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8. What hormone is produced by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland?
B: Parafollicular (or “C”) cells of the thyroid produce calcitonin which aids in lowering of blood calcium.
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9. Iodine is an essential component of which hormone?
A: Thyroid hormones T3 and T4 contain three and four iodine atoms, respectively.
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10. Which of the following is NOT part of the endocrine system?
C: The acini cells produce digestive enzymes.
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11. What hormone does the thyroid produce?
C: Thyroxine (or tetraiodothyronine) is converted to triiodothyronine in_x000D_target tissues.
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12. Which statement below is true of steroid hormones?
C: Steroids are lipid soluble so diffuse through the plasma membrane to bind to a receptor within the cell.
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13. What is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas?
D: Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce insulin. The alpha cells produce glucagon.
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14. Which endocrine organ produces “releasing hormones” and “inhibitory hormones”?
C: The hypothalamus controls the secretion of the anterior pituitary by the use of “releasing hormones” and “inhibitory hormones”.
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15. Which hormone has the element iodine as part of its molecule?
C: Thyroxine or thyroid hormone contains iodine.
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16. Which hormones are soluble in blood?
D: The pituitary gland releases peptide hormones which are soluble in blood. The other choices refer to steroid hormones which are insoluble in blood. They require transport via plasma proteins.
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