2. A patient is an IV drug user who regularly shares needles and syringes with friends. What information does the nurse provide to decrease the patient’s risk of HIV through shared needles and syringes after each use?

1. Fill and flush the syringe with clear water, then fill the syringe with bleach, shake approximately 30-60 seconds, and rinse with clear water.

2. Fill and flush the syringe with water, then fill the syringe with soap and hot water, shake 2 minutes, and rinse with cold water.

3. Rinse needles after each use with a bleach and water solution, then allow to air dry.

4. Rinse needles after each use with rubbing alcohol and water solution, then rinse with water.Rinse needles after each use with rubbing alcohol and water solution, then rinse with water.

3 / 20

3. The HIV-positive patient tells the nurse that his HIV-negative partner will be using the preexposure drug emtricitabine (Truvada)._x000D_Which statement indicates to the nurse the need for additional teaching about this drug?

1. “My partner will need to be tested for HIV every 3 months."

2. “This drug will decrease the chances of my partner becoming HIV positive.”

3. “Once we start using Truvada I will no longer need to use a condom.”

4. “My partner will need to be monitored for any side effects of this drug.”

4 / 20

4. The most common malignancy seen with HIV infection is___

1. carcinoma of the skin

2. Kaposi’s sarcoma

3. pancreatic cancer

4. stomach cancer

5 / 20

5. Which statement regarding HIV/AIDS among older adults are true?

1. The risk for HIV infection after exposure is minimal for older adults.

2. Older men are more susceptible to HIV infection than are older women.

3. It is not necessary to assess an older adult for a history of drug abuse.

4. Older adults who participate in high-risk behaviors are susceptible to HIV infection.

6 / 20

6. One of the most frequent systemic side effects of anti-HIV drugs is___

1. osteoporosis

2. hyperglycemia

3. lipodystrophy syndrome

4. pancreatitis

7 / 20

7. The most common infection in persons with AIDS (80% occurrence) is___

1. Cytomegalovirus

2. Legionnaire’s disease

3. Mycobacterium tuberculosis

4. Pneumocystis pneumonia

8 / 20

8. A diagnosis of “wasting syndrome” can be initially made when involuntary weight loss exceeds what percentage of baseline body weight?

1. 10%

2. 15%

3. 20%

4. 25%

9 / 20

9. An example of an antiretroviral agent, classified as a fusion inhibitor, that must be injected subcutaneously twice a day is___

1. Agenerase

2. Combivir

3. Fuzeon (T20)

4. Retrovir

10 / 20

10. Highly activated antiretroviral therapy (HAART) causes what effect?

1. Reversal of a patient’s antibody status

2. Decrease of the viral load

3. Increase of the viral load

4. More detectable HIV

11 / 20

11. Up to 85% of individuals infected with HIV will develop symptoms of AIDS within how many years after infection?

1. 3 to 5 years

2. 6 to 7 years

3. 8 to 10 years

4. 12 to 15 years

12 / 20

12. The health care provider prescribed an integrase inhibitor drug for the patient with HIV. The patient asks the nurse how this drug works. What is the nurse’s best response?

1. “It reduces how well HIV genetic material can be converted into human genetic material.”

2. “It reinforces the immune system’s ability to fight off an HIV infection.”

3. “It prevents viral deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from integrating into the host’s (your) DNA."

4. “It will prevent your HIV infection from progressing to AIDS.”

13 / 20

13. Which is the most common route for health care providers to contract the HIV virus? Exposure to HIV-positive___

1. blood

2. body fluids

3. mucous membranes

4. needlesticks.

14 / 20

14. A nurse would know that all of the following conditions are classified as HIV category B except for___

1. candidiasis

2. herpes zoster

3. Kaposi’s sarcoma

4. listeriosis

15 / 20

15. The minimum number of daily calories recommended for a 70-kg individual with AIDS-related “wasting syndrome” is___

1. 1,500 calories

2. 2,000 calories

3. 2,800 calories

4. 4,000 calories

16 / 20

16. The following opportunistic infections can be observed in AIDS EXCEPT?

1. Toxoplasmosis

2. Gastroenteritis

3. Tuberculosis

4. Cytomegalovirus

17 / 20

17. What is the most important means of preventing HIV spread or transmission?

1. Engineering

2. Education

3. Isolation

4. Counseling

18 / 20

18. You are orienting a new graduate RN to the medical unit. Which point would you be sure to include when teaching this nurse to prevent HIV transmission from patients?

1. Wear gloves when in contact with patients’ mucous membranes or nonintact skin.Wear gloves when in contact with patients’ mucous membranes or nonintact skin.

2. Be sure to wear protective gear when providing any care to HIV-positive patients

3. Always wear a mask when entering an HIV-positive patient’s room.

4. Use postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), whether the patient is HIV-positive or not.

19 / 20

19. After infection with HIV, the immune system responds by making antibodies against the virus, usually within how many weeks after infection?

1. 1 to 2 weeks

2. 3 to 6 week

3. 3 to 12 weeks

4. 6 to 18 weeks

20 / 20

20. A nurse knows that all of the following antiretroviral agents can be taken without regard to food intake except for___

1. Hivid

2. Epivir

3. Sustiva

4. Videx

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