Health Assessment of Patients Quiz

A: Epinephrine is derived from the amino acid tyrosine (so tyrosine is a wrong answer).

D: The pituitary gland releases peptide hormones which are soluble in blood. The other choices refer to steroid hormones which are insoluble in blood. They require transport via plasma proteins.

C: The hypothalamus produces peptide hormones.

A: Catecholamines (adrenaline, noradrenaline), dopamine and thyroid hormone are all derived from tyrosine.

D: Hypothalamus secretes regulatory hormones that control endocrine cells in the anterior pituitary gland, produces ADH and oxytocin and contains “autonomic centres” that exert neural control over endocrine cells of the adrenal medullae.

D: As steroid hormones are lipid soluble, their receptors are inside the cell as they can cross the plasma membrane.

C: As aldosterone is concerned with the absorption of sodium ions, a_x000d_“mineral”, and aldosterone is produced by the adrenal cortex; it is termed a mineralocorticoid.

C: The acini cells produce digestive enzymes.

B: Parafollicular (or “C”) cells of the thyroid produce calcitonin which aids in lowering of blood calcium.

C: PTH causes increased calcium absorption and hence increases blood calcium level.

A: PTH increases plasma Ca2+ (calcitonin aids in lowering blood calcium).

B: Aldosterone causes reclamation of sodium ions from the filtrate and potassium to be secreted in exchange.

B: The anterior pituitary produces and releases six hormones.

C: The hypothalamus controls the secretion of the anterior pituitary by the use of “releasing hormones” and “inhibitory hormones”.

D: Aldosterone promotes the absorption of sodium from the filtrate, while potassium (also a positively charged ion) is secreted to maintain electrical neutrality.